Central Taxonomic Thesaurus

Taxon Search
Organism
  Plantae
            Magnoliopsida
                    Gentianales
                            Apocynaceae
                                   [Asclepiadaceae]
                                    Ancylobotrys
                                            Ancylobotrys amoena
                                            Ancylobotrys petersiana
                              Apocynoideae
                                    Adenium
                                            Adenium obesum
                                    Aganosma
                                    Alafia
                                            Alafia whytei
                                    Allomarkgrafia
                                            Allomarkgrafia ecuatoriana
                                    Amphineurion
                                            Amphineurion marginatum
                                                   [Aganosma acuminata]
                                    Angadenia
                                            Angadenia berteroi
                                                   [Rhabdadenia corallicola]
                                    Anodendron
                                            Anodendron affine
                                                   [Anodendron laeve]
                                            Anodendron benthamianum
                                                   [Formosia benthamiana]
                                            Anodendron parviflorum
                                                   [Anodendron manubriatum]
                                                   [Anodendron rhinosporum]
                                    Apocynum
                                            Apocynum androsaemifolium
                                              Apocynum androsaemifolium subsp. androsaemifolium
                                                     [Apocynum ambigens]
                                                     [Apocynum androsaemifolium var. glabrum]
                                              Apocynum androsaemifolium subsp. pumilum
                                                     [Apocynum pumilum]
                                              Apocynum androsaemifolium var. incanum
                                                     [Apocynum pumilum var. rhomboideum]
                                            Apocynum cannabinum
                                                   [Apocynum album]
                                                   [Apocynum cannabinum var. glaberrimum]
                                                   [Apocynum cannabinum var. hypericifolium]
                                                   [Apocynum cannabinum var. pubescens]
                                                   [Apocynum hypericifolium]
                                                   [Apocynum laurinum]
                                                   [Apocynum pubescens]
                                                   [Apocynum sibiricum var. cordigerum]
                                                   [Apocynum sibiricum var. salignum]
                                                   [Apocynum suksdorfii]
                                            Apocynum medium
                                              Apocynum medium var. floribundum
                                              Apocynum medium var. lividum
                                            Apocynum sibiricum
                                            Apocynum venetum
                                    Artia
                                            Artia balansae
                                    Baissea
                                            Baissea leonensis
                                            Baissea leontonori
                                            Baissea ochrantha
                                    Beaumontia
                                            Beaumontia grandiflora
                                            Beaumontia jerdoniana
                                    Chonemorpha
                                            Chonemorpha fragrans
                                                   [Chonemorpha macrophylla]
                                            Chonemorpha verrucosa
                                                   [Rhynchodia rhynchosperma]
                                    Cycladenia
                                            Cycladenia humilis
                                              Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
                                    Echites
                                            Echites panduratus
                                                   [Fernaldia pandurata]
                                            Echites umbellatus
                                                   [Echites echites]
                                            Echites yucatanensis
                                    Epigynum
                                    Forsteronia
                                            Forsteronia acouci
                                            Forsteronia floribunda
                                            Forsteronia glabrescens
                                            Forsteronia myriantha
                                            Forsteronia pubescens
                                            Forsteronia refracta
                                            Forsteronia rufa
                                            Forsteronia spicata
                                            Forsteronia velloziana
                                    Funtumia
                                            Funtumia africana
                                                   [Funtumia latifolia]
                                            Funtumia elastica
                                    Holarrhena
                                            Holarrhena floribunda
                                            Holarrhena pubescens
                                                   [Holarrhena antidysenterica]
                                    Ichnocarpus
                                            Ichnocarpus frutescens
                                                   [Ichnocarpus affinis]
                                                   [Ichnocarpus ovatifolius]
                                                   [Ichnocarpus volubilis]
                                    Kibatalia
                                            Kibatalia borneensis
                                            Kibatalia elmeri
                                            Kibatalia gitingensis
                                                   [Vallaris gitingensis]
                                            Kibatalia longifolia
                                            Kibatalia macgregorii
                                            Kibatalia merrilliana
                                            Kibatalia puberula
                                            Kibatalia stenopetala
                                            Kibatalia villosa
                                            Kibatalia wigmanii
                                    Laubertia
                                            Laubertia contorta
                                    Macropharynx
                                            Macropharynx peltata
                                                   [Echites peltatus]
                                    Malouetia
                                            Malouetia barbata
                                            Malouetia cuatrecasatis
                                            Malouetia glandulifera
                                            Malouetia gracilis
                                            Malouetia gracillima
                                            Malouetia grandiflora
                                            Malouetia guatemalensis
                                            Malouetia parvifolia
                                            Malouetia quadricasarum
                                                   [Malouetia isthmica]
                                            Malouetia tamaquarina
                                                   [Malouetia peruviana]
                                    Mandevilla
                                            Mandevilla angustata
                                            Mandevilla benthamii
                                            Mandevilla boliviensis
                                            Mandevilla brachyloba
                                            Mandevilla brachysiphon
                                                   [Macrosiphonia brachysiphon]
                                            Mandevilla callista
                                            Mandevilla crassinoda
                                            Mandevilla equatorialis
                                            Mandevilla foliosa
                                            Mandevilla hirsuta
                                            Mandevilla hypoleuca
                                                   [Macrosiphonia hypoleuca]
                                            Mandevilla illustris
                                            Mandevilla jamesonii
                                            Mandevilla karwinskii
                                            Mandevilla lanuginosa
                                                   [Macrosiphonia lanuginosa]
                                            Mandevilla laxa
                                                   [Mandevilla suaveolens]
                                            Mandevilla macrosiphon
                                                   [Macrosiphonia berlandieri]
                                                   [Macrosiphonia macrosiphon]
                                            Mandevilla mollissima
                                            Mandevilla pavonii
                                            Mandevilla pentlandiana
                                            Mandevilla pubescens
                                                   [Elytropus chilensis]
                                            Mandevilla sagittarii
                                                   [Mandevilla dodsonii]
                                            Mandevilla sanderi
                                                   [Dipladenia sanderi]
                                            Mandevilla splendens
                                            Mandevilla subsagittata
                                            Mandevilla subsessilis
                                                   [Mandevilla platydactyla]
                                            Mandevilla tubiflora
                                                   [Echites tubiflora]
                                            Mandevilla velame
                                                   [Macrosiphonia velame]
                                            Mandevilla villosa
                                            Mandevilla × amabilis
                                    Mascarenhasia
                                            Mascarenhasia arborescens
                                                   [Mascarenhasia elastica]
                                            Mascarenhasia lisianthiflora
                                                   [Mascarenhasia lisianthiflora subsp. macrocalyx]
                                            Mascarenhasia macrosiphon
                                            Mascarenhasia rubra
                                            Mascarenhasia tampinensis
                                    Micrechites
                                            Micrechites polyantha
                                            Micrechites serpyllifolia
                                                   [Micrechites micrantha]
                                    Motandra
                                            Motandra paniculata
                                                   [Motandra guineensis]
                                    Neobracea
                                            Neobracea bahamensis
                                    Nerium
                                            Nerium indicum
                                              Nerium indicum subsp. indicum
                                                     [Nerium odorum]
                                            Nerium oleander
                                              Nerium oleander subsp. oleander
                                                     [Nerium splendens]
                                    Odontadenia
                                            Odontadenia geminata
                                            Odontadenia puncticulosa
                                                   [Odontadenia schippii]
                                            Odontadenia semidigyna
                                                   [Odontadenia grandiflora]
                                                   [Odontadenia macrantha]
                                                   [Odontadenia speciosa]
                                    Oncinotis
                                            Oncinotis gracilis
                                            Oncinotis pontyi
                                    Pachypodium
                                            Pachypodium ambongense
                                            Pachypodium baronii
                                            Pachypodium bispinosum
                                            Pachypodium brevicaule
                                            Pachypodium decaryi
                                            Pachypodium densiflorum
                                            Pachypodium eburneum
                                            Pachypodium enigmaticum
                                            Pachypodium geayi
                                            Pachypodium horombense
                                            Pachypodium inopinatum
                                            Pachypodium lamerei
                                              Pachypodium lamerei var. ramosum
                                                     [Pachypodium menabeum]
                                            Pachypodium lealii
                                            Pachypodium mikea
                                            Pachypodium namaquanum
                                            Pachypodium rauhii
                                            Pachypodium rosulatum
                                              Pachypodium rosulatum var. drakei
                                                     [Pachypodium drakei]
                                            Pachypodium rutenbergianum
                                                   [Pachypodium meridionale]
                                            Pachypodium saundersii
                                            Pachypodium sofiense
                                            Pachypodium succulentum
                                            Pachypodium windsorii
                                    Parepigynum
                                            Parepigynum funingense
                                    Parsonsia
                                            Parsonsia alboflavescens
                                                   [Parsonsia helicandra]
                                                   [Parsonsia laevigata]
                                            Parsonsia capsularis
                                              Parsonsia capsularis var. rosea
                                                     [Parsonsia rosea]
                                            Parsonsia heterophylla
                                                   [Parsonsia albiflora]
                                            Parsonsia lata
                                            Parsonsia plaesiophylla
                                            Parsonsia terminaliifolia
                                            Parsonsia urdanetensis
                                    Pentalinon
                                            Pentalinon andrieuxii
                                                   [Urechites andrieuxii]
                                            Pentalinon luteum
                                              Pentalinon luteum var. sericeum
                                                     [Urechites pinetorum]
                                    Pinochia
                                            Pinochia corymbosa
                                              Pinochia corymbosa subsp. corymbosa
                                                     [Forsteronia corymbosa]
                                            Pinochia peninsularis
                                                   [Forsteronia peninsularis]
                                    Pleioceras
                                            Pleioceras afzelii
                                            Pleioceras orientale
                                            Pleioceras zenkeri
                                    Poacynum
                                            Poacynum armenum
                                                   [Trachomitum armenum]
                                            Poacynum lancifolium
                                                   [Apocynum lancifolium]
                                                   [Trachomitum lancifolium]
                                            Poacynum venetum
                                                   [Trachomitum venetum]
                                    Pottsia
                                            Pottsia grandiflora
                                            Pottsia laxiflora
                                    Prestonia
                                            Prestonia mexicana
                                            Prestonia mollis
                                            Prestonia parvifolia
                                            Prestonia peregrina
                                            Prestonia portobellensis
                                                   [Prestonia guatemalensis]
                                                   [Prestonia macrocarpa]
                                            Prestonia quinquangularis
                                                   [Prestonia acutifolia]
                                                   [Prestonia venosa]
                                            Prestonia rotundifolia
                                            Prestonia schumanniana
                                    Rhabdadenia
                                            Rhabdadenia biflora
                                                   [Rhabdadenia cordata]
                                                   [Rhabdadenia paludosa]
                                    Stephanostema
                                            Stephanostema stenocarpum
                                    Streptoechites
                                            Streptoechites chinensis
                                                   [Epigynum chinense]
                                    Strophanthus
                                            Strophanthus amboensis
                                                   [Strophanthus intermedius]
                                            Strophanthus barteri
                                            Strophanthus bequaertii
                                            Strophanthus congoensis
                                            Strophanthus courmontii
                                            Strophanthus divaricatus
                                                   [Strophanthus divergens]
                                            Strophanthus gardeniiflorus
                                            Strophanthus gracilis
                                            Strophanthus gratus
                                            Strophanthus hispidus
                                            Strophanthus hypoleucos
                                            Strophanthus ledienii
                                            Strophanthus sarmentosus
                                            Strophanthus speciosus
                                            Strophanthus wallichii
                                            Strophanthus zimmermannianus
                                    Thenardia
                                            Thenardia floribunda
                                    Thyrsanthella
                                            Thyrsanthella difformis
                                                   [Trachelospermum difforme]
                                    Trachelospermum
                                            Trachelospermum asiaticum
                                            Trachelospermum axillare
                                            Trachelospermum bodinieri
                                                   [Trachelospermum formosanum]
                                            Trachelospermum gracilipes
                                                   [Trachelospermum majus]
                                              Trachelospermum gracilipes var. liukiuense
                                                     [Trachelospermum asiaticum var. liukiuense]
                                                     [Trachelospermum foetidum]
                                            Trachelospermum jasminoides
                                                   [Trachelospermum bowringii]
                                                   [Trachelospermum divaricatum]
                                                   [Trachelospermum jasminoides var. heterophyllum]
                                                   [Trachelospermum jasminoides var. pubescens]
                                            Trachelospermum lucidum
                                                   [Trachelospermum fragrans]
                                            Trachelospermum stans
                                    Urceola
                                            Urceola lucida
                                                   [Urceola esculenta]
                                            Urceola micrantha
                                                   [Ecdysanthera utilis]
                                    Vallaris
                                            Vallaris solanacea
                                                   [Vallaris dichotoma]
                                                   [Vallaris heynei]
                                    Wrightia
                                            Wrightia antidysenterica
                                            Wrightia arborea
                                                   [Wrightia tomentosa]
                                            Wrightia candollei
                                            Wrightia coccinea
                                            Wrightia laevis
                                              Wrightia laevis subsp. laevis
                                                     [Wrightia hainanensis]
                                            Wrightia lanceolata
                                            Wrightia lecomtei
                                            Wrightia natalensis
                                            Wrightia palawanensis
                                            Wrightia pubescens
                                            Wrightia saligna
                                            Wrightia tinctoria
                                            Wrightia viridiflora
                              Asclepiadoideae
                                    Anisopus
                                            Anisopus exellii
                                                   [Marsdenia exellii]
                                            Anisopus magniflorus
                                                   [Marsdenia magniflora]
                                    Araujia
                                            Araujia sericifera
                                                   [Araujia hortorum]
                                    Asclepias
                                            Asclepias albicans
                                            Asclepias amplexicaulis
                                            Asclepias angustifolia
                                                   [Asclepias linifolia]
                                            Asclepias apocynifolia
                                            Asclepias arenaria
                                            Asclepias asperula
                                              Asclepias asperula subsp. capricornu
                                                     [Asclepias capricornu]
                                            Asclepias brachystephana
                                            Asclepias californica
                                            Asclepias campestris
                                            Asclepias candida
                                            Asclepias cinerea
                                            Asclepias circinalis
                                            Asclepias connivens
                                            Asclepias cordifolia
                                            Asclepias crispa
                                            Asclepias cryptoceras
                                            Asclepias curassavica
                                            Asclepias curtissii
                                            Asclepias decumbens
                                            Asclepias elata
                                            Asclepias emoryi
                                            Asclepias engelmanniana
                                                   [Asclepias auriculata]
                                            Asclepias eriocarpa
                                                   [Asclepias fremontii]
                                                   [Asclepias kotolo]
                                            Asclepias erosa
                                                   [Asclepias leucophylla]
                                            Asclepias exaltata
                                            Asclepias fascicularis
                                            Asclepias feayi
                                            Asclepias glaucescens
                                            Asclepias hallii
                                            Asclepias hirtella
                                            Asclepias humistrata
                                            Asclepias incarnata
                                              Asclepias incarnata subsp. pulchra
                                                     [Asclepias pulchra]
                                            Asclepias involucrata
                                            Asclepias kamerunensis
                                            Asclepias labriformis
                                            Asclepias lanceolata
                                            Asclepias lanuginosa
                                            Asclepias latifolia
                                                   [Asclepias jamesii]
                                            Asclepias leptopus
                                                   [Asclepias suffrutex]
                                            Asclepias linaria
                                            Asclepias linearis
                                                   [Asclepias verticillata var. linearis]
                                            Asclepias longifolia
                                                   [Asclepias floridana]
                                                   [Asclepias incarnata var. longifolia]
                                            Asclepias macrotis
                                            Asclepias meadii
                                            Asclepias mexicana
                                            Asclepias michauxii
                                            Asclepias minutiflora
                                            Asclepias nivea
                                            Asclepias nummularia
                                            Asclepias nyctaginifolia
                                            Asclepias obovata
                                            Asclepias oenotheroides
                                                   [Asclepias longicornu]
                                            Asclepias ovalifolia
                                            Asclepias ovata
                                            Asclepias pedicellata
                                            Asclepias pellucida
                                            Asclepias perennis
                                            Asclepias prostrata
                                            Asclepias pubescens
                                            Asclepias pumila
                                            Asclepias purpurascens
                                            Asclepias quadrifolia
                                            Asclepias quinquedentata
                                            Asclepias rubra
                                            Asclepias rusbyi
                                            Asclepias solanoana
                                                   [Asclepias obtusifolia]
                                            Asclepias speciosa
                                            Asclepias stenophylla
                                            Asclepias subulata
                                            Asclepias subverticillata
                                            Asclepias sullivantii
                                            Asclepias syriaca
                                                   [Asclepias cornuti]
                                                   [Asclepias syriaca var. kansana]
                                            Asclepias texana
                                            Asclepias tomentosa
                                            Asclepias tuberosa
                                              Asclepias tuberosa subsp. rolfsii
                                              Asclepias tuberosa subsp. tuberosa
                                                     [Asclepias tuberosa subsp. interior]
                                            Asclepias uncialis
                                              Asclepias uncialis subsp. ruthiae
                                                     [Asclepias eastwoodiana]
                                            Asclepias variegata
                                            Asclepias verticillata
                                                   [Asclepias galioides]
                                            Asclepias vestita
                                            Asclepias viridiflora
                                                   [Acerates viridiflora]
                                            Asclepias viridis
                                            Asclepias viridula
                                            Asclepias welshii
                                    Aspidoglossum
                                            Aspidoglossum glabellum
                                            Aspidoglossum hirundo
                                            Aspidoglossum interruptum
                                                   [Schizoglossum interruptum]
                                    Aspidonepsis
                                            Aspidonepsis shebae
                                    Astephanus
                                            Astephanus utahensis
                                    Blepharodon
                                            Blepharodon crabronum
                                            Blepharodon philibertioides
                                    Bruceholstia
                                            Bruceholstia sidifolia
                                                   [Matelea magnifolia]
                                    Calotropis
                                            Calotropis gigantea
                                                   [Asclepias gigantea]
                                            Calotropis procera
                                    Ceropegia
                                            Ceropegia aloicola
                                            Ceropegia alstonii
                                                   [Hoodia alstonii]
                                            Ceropegia ampliata
                                            Ceropegia aridicola
                                            Ceropegia attenuata
                                                   [Ceropegia anjanerica]
                                            Ceropegia bentii
                                                   [Echidnopsis bentii]
                                            Ceropegia bhutanica
                                            Ceropegia bracteolata
                                            Ceropegia burchardii
                                              Ceropegia burchardii subsp. burchardii
                                                     [Caralluma burchardii]
                                            Ceropegia campanulata
                                                   [Ceropegia porphyrotricha]
                                            Ceropegia carnosa
                                            Ceropegia cordifolia
                                            Ceropegia cornuta
                                              Ceropegia cornuta var. ruschii
                                                     [Piaranthus ruschii]
                                            Ceropegia currorii
                                              Ceropegia currorii subsp. currorii
                                                     [Hoodia currorii]
                                            Ceropegia decidua
                                              Ceropegia decidua subsp. pretoriensis
                                            Ceropegia dichotoma
                                              Ceropegia dichotoma subsp. krainzii
                                            Ceropegia dioscoridis
                                                   [Duvaliandra dioscoridis]
                                            Ceropegia dolichocnema
                                                   [Socotrella dolichocnema]
                                            Ceropegia dorjei
                                            Ceropegia dregei
                                                   [Hoodia dregei]
                                            Ceropegia exilis
                                                   [Brachystelma exile]
                                            Ceropegia flavanthera
                                                   [Hoodia flava]
                                            Ceropegia floriparva
                                                   [Hoodia parviflora]
                                            Ceropegia gigantea
                                                   [Stapelia gigantea]
                                                   [Stapelia nobilis]
                                            Ceropegia gordonii
                                                   [Hoodia gordonii]
                                            Ceropegia inconspicua
                                                   [Echidnopsis inconspicua]
                                            Ceropegia inflata
                                            Ceropegia insularis
                                                   [Echidnopsis insularis]
                                            Ceropegia jainii
                                            Ceropegia joannis
                                                   [Caralluma joannis]
                                            Ceropegia juttae
                                                   [Hoodia juttae]
                                            Ceropegia ledermannii
                                            Ceropegia leptotes
                                            Ceropegia linearis
                                              Ceropegia linearis subsp. linearis
                                                     [Ceropegia caffrorum]
                                            Ceropegia lodarensis
                                                   [Huernia boleana]
                                            Ceropegia loranthiflora
                                            Ceropegia lutea
                                              Ceropegia lutea subsp. lutea
                                                     [Caralluma lutea]
                                            Ceropegia macrocarpa
                                              Ceropegia macrocarpa subsp. macrocarpa
                                                     [Huernia macrocarpa var. schweinfurthii]
                                                     [Huernia macrocarpa]
                                            Ceropegia malagasica
                                                   [Stapelianthus madagascariensis]
                                            Ceropegia melanops
                                                   [Ceropegia microgaster]
                                            Ceropegia milleri
                                                   [Echidnopsis milleri]
                                            Ceropegia mucheveensis
                                            Ceropegia mwinilungensis
                                            Ceropegia neo-omissa
                                                   [Brachystelma omissum]
                                            Ceropegia nevillepillansii
                                                   [Stapelia pillansii]
                                            Ceropegia nigra
                                                   [Ceropegia recurvata]
                                            Ceropegia nutans
                                                   [Brachystelma nutans]
                                            Ceropegia odorata
                                            Ceropegia officinalis
                                              Ceropegia officinalis subsp. officinalis
                                                     [Hoodia officinalis]
                                            Ceropegia pedicellata
                                                   [Hoodia pedicellata]
                                            Ceropegia pilifera
                                              Ceropegia pilifera subsp. pilifera
                                                     [Hoodia pilifera]
                                            Ceropegia pulvinata
                                                   [Stapelia asterias var. lucida]
                                                   [Stapelia asterias]
                                                   [Stapelia hirsuta var. patula]
                                                   [Stapelia hirsuta]
                                            Ceropegia rhynchantha
                                            Ceropegia ruschii
                                                   [Hoodia ruschii]
                                            Ceropegia sandersonii
                                            Ceropegia santapaui
                                                   [Ceropegia huberi]
                                            Ceropegia schinzii
                                                   [Stapelia schinzii]
                                            Ceropegia seticorona
                                            Ceropegia socotricola
                                                   [Echidnopsis socotrana]
                                            Ceropegia spatuliloba
                                            Ceropegia triebneri
                                                   [Hoodia triebneri]
                                            Ceropegia woodii
                                            Ceropegia zebrina
                                              Ceropegia zebrina subsp. zebrina
                                                     [Huernia zebrina]
                                    Chloropetalum
                                            Chloropetalum denticulatum
                                                   [Vincetoxicum viridiflorum]
                                    Chthamalia
                                            Chthamalia biflora
                                                   [Matelea biflora]
                                            Chthamalia producta
                                                   [Matelea producta]
                                                   [Vincetoxicum productum]
                                    Cionura
                                            Cionura erecta
                                                   [Marsdenia erecta]
                                    Cosmostigma
                                            Cosmostigma hainanense
                                    Cynanchum
                                            Cynanchum abyssinicum
                                            Cynanchum acutum
                                            Cynanchum africanum
                                            Cynanchum anderssonii
                                            Cynanchum angustifolium
                                            Cynanchum annularium
                                                   [Holostemma rheedianum]
                                            Cynanchum aphyllum
                                            Cynanchum ascyrifolium
                                                   [Cynanchum acuminatifolium]
                                            Cynanchum auriculatum
                                            Cynanchum boerhaviifolium
                                            Cynanchum boudieri
                                                   [Cynanchum taiwanianum]
                                            Cynanchum caudatum
                                            Cynanchum chanchanense
                                            Cynanchum denigratum
                                            Cynanchum ellipticum
                                            Cynanchum erikseniae
                                            Cynanchum ethiopicum
                                              Cynanchum ethiopicum subsp. ethiopicum
                                                     [Pentarrhinum abyssinicum]
                                            Cynanchum fasciculiflorum
                                            Cynanchum gentryi
                                                   [Metalepis gentryi]
                                            Cynanchum haughtii
                                                   [Metalepis haughtii]
                                            Cynanchum hemsleyanum
                                                   [Metaplexis hemsleyana]
                                            Cynanchum itremense
                                            Cynanchum jaramilloi
                                            Cynanchum laeve
                                                   [Ampelamus albidus]
                                            Cynanchum ledermannii
                                                   [Pentarrhinum abyssinicum subsp. ijimense]
                                                   [Pentarrhinum ledermannii]
                                            Cynanchum ligulatum
                                            Cynanchum liukiuense
                                                   [Graphistemma liukiuense]
                                            Cynanchum maccartii
                                                   [Metastelma palmeri]
                                            Cynanchum mooreanum
                                            Cynanchum moramangense
                                            Cynanchum mucronatum
                                            Cynanchum nielsenii
                                            Cynanchum nigrum
                                            Cynanchum obtusifolium
                                            Cynanchum oresbium
                                            Cynanchum racemosum
                                              Cynanchum racemosum var. unifarium
                                                     [Cynanchum unifarium]
                                            Cynanchum rostellatum
                                            Cynanchum roylei
                                            Cynanchum sibiricum
                                            Cynanchum stenospira
                                            Cynanchum subtilis
                                            Cynanchum suluense
                                            Cynanchum tenellum
                                            Cynanchum viminale
                                              Cynanchum viminale subsp. viminale
                                                     [Cynanchum tetrapterum]
                                            Cynanchum virens
                                            Cynanchum wilfordii
                                    Dictyanthus
                                            Dictyanthus reticulatus
                                                   [Matelea reticulata]
                                            Dictyanthus yucatanensis
                                    Diplolepis
                                            Diplolepis geminiflora
                                                   [Astephanus geminiflorus]
                                            Diplolepis menziesii
                                    Dischidia
                                            Dischidia acuminata
                                            Dischidia chinensis
                                            Dischidia diphylla
                                            Dischidia hirsuta
                                            Dischidia irosinensis
                                            Dischidia luzonica
                                                   [Dischidiopsis luzonica]
                                            Dischidia nummularia
                                                   [Dischidia copelandii]
                                            Dischidia puberula
                                            Dischidia purpurea
                                            Dischidia sagittata
                                            Dischidia sorsogonensis
                                    Ditassa
                                            Ditassa anderssonii
                                    Dolichopetalum
                                            Dolichopetalum kwangsiense
                                    Emicocarpus
                                            Emicocarpus fissifolius
                                    Fischeria
                                            Fischeria billbergiana
                                                   [Fischeria funebris]
                                            Fischeria scandens
                                                   [Fischeria briquetiana]
                                            Fischeria stellata
                                                   [Fischeria calycina]
                                                   [Fischeria martiana]
                                    Fockea
                                            Fockea comaru
                                                   [Fockea gracilis]
                                    Funastrum
                                            Funastrum clausum
                                                   [Funastrum bonariense]
                                                   [Funastrum cumanense]
                                                   [Funastrum dombeyanum]
                                                   [Philibertia clausa]
                                                   [Philibertia viminalis]
                                                   [Sarcostemma apiculatum]
                                                   [Sarcostemma clausum]
                                                   [Sarcostemma cumanense]
                                            Funastrum crispum
                                                   [Philibertia undulata]
                                            Funastrum cynanchoides
                                                   [Philibertia cynanchoides]
                                                   [Sarcostemma cynanchoides]
                                              Funastrum cynanchoides var. hartwegii
                                                     [Funastrum heterophyllum]
                                                     [Funastrum lineare]
                                                     [Philibertia heterophylla]
                                                     [Philibertia linearis]
                                            Funastrum elegans
                                                   [Philibertia elegans]
                                            Funastrum gracile
                                            Funastrum hirtellum
                                                   [Sarcostemma hirtellum]
                                    Gomphocarpus
                                            Gomphocarpus cancellatus
                                                   [Asclepias cancellata]
                                                   [Asclepias rotundifolia]
                                            Gomphocarpus filiformis
                                                   [Asclepias buchenaviana]
                                            Gomphocarpus fruticosus
                                              Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. fruticosus
                                                     [Asclepias fruticosa]
                                              Gomphocarpus fruticosus subsp. setosus
                                                     [Asclepias setosa]
                                            Gomphocarpus physocarpus
                                                   [Asclepias physocarpa]
                                            Gomphocarpus semilunatus
                                                   [Asclepias semilunata]
                                    Gonolobus
                                            Gonolobus campii
                                            Gonolobus cteniophorus
                                                   [Vincetoxicum lundellii]
                                            Gonolobus dorothyanus
                                            Gonolobus edulis
                                                   [Vincetoxicum edule]
                                            Gonolobus fimbriatiflorus
                                                   [Matelea fimbriatiflora]
                                            Gonolobus niger
                                                   [Vincetoxicum cavanillesii]
                                            Gonolobus rostratus
                                                   [Exolobus patens]
                                            Gonolobus saraguranus
                                            Gonolobus suberosus
                                                   [Matelea gonocarpa]
                                    Gymnema
                                            Gymnema cumingii
                                            Gymnema inodorum
                                                   [Gymnema tingens]
                                            Gymnema latifolium
                                                   [Gymnema khandalense]
                                            Gymnema sylvestre
                                                   [Gymnema affine]
                                                   [Gymnema alterniflorum]
                                    Heterostemma
                                            Heterostemma bicanthaceum
                                            Heterostemma oblongifolium
                                    Hoya
                                            Hoya bhutanica
                                            Hoya carnosa
                                            Hoya mariae
                                                   [Clemensiella dischidioides]
                                                   [Clemensiella mariae]
                                            Hoya pandurata
                                    Ibatia
                                            Ibatia maritima
                                    Jasminanthes
                                            Jasminanthes mucronata
                                                   [Stephanotis lutchuensis]
                                                   [Stephanotis mucronata]
                                    Jobinia
                                            Jobinia campii
                                                   [Cynanchum campii]
                                    Kanahia
                                            Kanahia laniflora
                                    Leichhardtia
                                            Leichhardtia australis
                                                   [Marsdenia australis]
                                            Leichhardtia dognyensis
                                            Leichhardtia goromotoorum
                                            Leichhardtia kaalaensis
                                                   [Marsdenia kaalaensis]
                                            Leichhardtia lyonsioides
                                            Leichhardtia mackeeorum
                                            Leichhardtia speciosa
                                            Leichhardtia tylophoroides
                                            Leichhardtia variifolia
                                            Leichhardtia weberlingiana
                                                   [Marsdenia weberlingiana]
                                    Leptadenia
                                            Leptadenia arborea
                                            Leptadenia madagascariensis
                                            Leptadenia pyrotechnica
                                                   [Leptadenia spartium]
                                    Macroscepis
                                            Macroscepis aurea
                                            Macroscepis diademata
                                                   [Macroscepis obovata]
                                            Macroscepis grandiflora
                                                   [Schubertia grandiflora]
                                            Macroscepis hirsuta
                                                   [Macroscepis panamensis]
                                            Macroscepis pleistantha
                                                   [Macroscepis congestiflora]
                                            Macroscepis urceolata
                                    Marsdenia
                                            Marsdenia peraffinis
                                            Marsdenia roylei
                                            Marsdenia tinctoria
                                                   [Marsdenia tinctoria var. tomentosa]
                                    Matelea
                                            Matelea brevicoronata
                                            Matelea carolinensis
                                            Matelea chimboracensis
                                            Matelea cynanchoides
                                            Matelea ecuadorensis
                                            Matelea edwardsensis
                                            Matelea floridana
                                                   [Vincetoxicum floridanum]
                                            Matelea harlingii
                                            Matelea honorana
                                            Matelea obliqua
                                                   [Vincetoxicum obliquum]
                                            Matelea orthoneura
                                            Matelea parvifolia
                                            Matelea pastazana
                                            Matelea petiolaris
                                                   [Vincetoxicum petiolare]
                                            Matelea porphyrocephala
                                            Matelea radiata
                                            Matelea sagittifolia
                                            Matelea sprucei
                                            Matelea suberosa
                                    Metastelma
                                            Metastelma anegadense
                                            Metastelma arizonicum
                                            Metastelma barbigerum
                                                   [Cynanchum barbigerum]
                                            Metastelma blodgettii
                                                   [Cynanchum blodgettii]
                                            Metastelma californicum
                                            Metastelma fiebrigii
                                            Metastelma leptocladon
                                                   [Cynanchum ephedroides]
                                            Metastelma minutiflorum
                                            Metastelma northropiae
                                                   [Cynanchum northropiae]
                                            Metastelma pedunculare
                                            Metastelma purpurascens
                                            Metastelma quitense
                                                   [Cynanchum quitense]
                                            Metastelma schaffneri
                                                   [Metastelma multiflorum]
                                            Metastelma spruceanum
                                                   [Cynanchum spruceanum]
                                    Microloma
                                            Microloma sagittatum
                                                   [Microloma glabratum]
                                    Minaria
                                            Minaria praetermissa
                                    Neoschumannia
                                            Neoschumannia kamerunensis
                                    Orthosia
                                            Orthosia angustifolia
                                                   [Cynanchum kunthii]
                                            Orthosia ellemanniae
                                                   [Cynanchum ellemannii]
                                            Orthosia glaberrima
                                                   [Metastelma glaberrimum]
                                            Orthosia scoparia
                                                   [Cynanchum scoparium]
                                    Oxypetalum
                                            Oxypetalum brachystemma
                                                   [Oxypetalum albiflorum]
                                            Oxypetalum capitatum
                                              Oxypetalum capitatum subsp. mirabile
                                                     [Oxypetalum hasslerianum]
                                            Oxypetalum coeruleum
                                            Oxypetalum fuscum
                                            Oxypetalum insigne
                                              Oxypetalum insigne var. nitidum
                                                     [Oxypetalum nitidum]
                                            Oxypetalum lineare
                                            Oxypetalum malmei
                                            Oxypetalum pannosum
                                            Oxypetalum pearsonii
                                            Oxypetalum solanoides
                                                   [Tweedia solanoides]
                                            Oxypetalum tomentosum
                                    Oxystelma
                                            Oxystelma esculentum
                                    Pachycarpus
                                            Pachycarpus grandiflorus
                                            Pachycarpus lineolatus
                                                   [Asclepias lineolata]
                                            Pachycarpus medusonema
                                            Pachycarpus schinzianus
                                    Pentacyphus
                                            Pentacyphus andinus
                                                   [Lugonia andina]
                                    Pentasacme
                                            Pentasacme caudatum
                                            Pentasacme wallichii
                                    Pentatropis
                                    Pergularia
                                            Pergularia daemia
                                              Pergularia daemia subsp. daemia
                                                     [Daemia extensa]
                                                     [Pergularia extensa]
                                            Pergularia tomentosa
                                                   [Daemia cordata]
                                    Pherotrichis
                                            Pherotrichis villosa
                                                   [Pherotrichis balbisii]
                                    Philibertia
                                            Philibertia boliviensis
                                                   [Mitostigma boliviense]
                                            Philibertia campanulata
                                                   [Sarcostemma campanulatum]
                                            Philibertia gilliesii
                                                   [Oxystelma gilliesii]
                                                   [Philibertia flava]
                                                   [Philibertia gracilis]
                                                   [Philibertia hastata]
                                            Philibertia solanoides
                                                   [Blepharodon rahmeri]
                                            Philibertia speciosa
                                                   [Mitostigma speciosum]
                                    Polystemma
                                            Polystemma guatemalense
                                                   [Matelea quirosii]
                                    Ruehssia
                                            Ruehssia coulteri
                                                   [Marsdenia coulteri]
                                            Ruehssia edulis
                                                   [Marsdenia edulis]
                                            Ruehssia macrophylla
                                                   [Marsdenia macrophylla]
                                            Ruehssia mexicana
                                                   [Marsdenia mexicana]
                                            Ruehssia undulata
                                                   [Marsdenia margaritaria]
                                            Ruehssia woodburyana
                                    Sarcolobus
                                            Sarcostemma viminale
                                    Schizoglossum
                                    Schubertia
                                    Scyphostelma
                                            Scyphostelma bifidum
                                                   [Cynanchum bifidum]
                                            Scyphostelma chimboracense
                                                   [Cynanchum chimboracense]
                                            Scyphostelma ecuadorense
                                                   [Cynanchum densiflorum]
                                            Scyphostelma harlingii
                                                   [Cynanchum harlingii]
                                            Scyphostelma intricatum
                                                   [Cynanchum intricatum]
                                            Scyphostelma longecalicinum
                                                   [Cynanchum longecalicinum]
                                            Scyphostelma serpyllifolium
                                                   [Cynanchum serpyllifolium]
                                            Scyphostelma velutinum
                                                   [Cynanchum velutinum]
                                    Seutera
                                            Seutera angustifolia
                                                   [Cynanchum palustre]
                                    Sinomarsdenia
                                            Sinomarsdenia tomentosa
                                                   [Marsdenia tomentosa]
                                            Stapelia pulchella
                                            Stapelia variegata
                                    Stephanotis
                                            Stephanotis arabica
                                                   [Marsdenia robusta]
                                            Stephanotis ernstmeyeri
                                                   [Dregea floribunda]
                                            Stephanotis floribunda
                                            Stephanotis rubicunda
                                                   [Dregea rubicunda]
                                            Stephanotis schimperi
                                                   [Dregea schimperi]
                                            Stephanotis sinensis
                                                   [Dregea sinensis]
                                            Stephanotis volubilis
                                                   [Dregea formosana]
                                                   [Dregea volubilis]
                                    Stigmatorhynchus
                                            Stigmatorhynchus umbelliferus
                                    Talayotea
                                            Talayotea caudata
                                                   [Matelea caudata]
                                    Tassadia
                                            Tassadia berteriana
                                                   [Metastelma berterianum]
                                            Tassadia colubrina
                                            Tassadia obovata
                                                   [Cynanchum recurvum]
                                            Tassadia propinqua
                                    Telosma
                                            Telosma cordata
                                                   [Pergularia odoratissima]
                                            Telosma pallida
                                    Trichosacme
                                            Trichosacme lanata
                                                   [Matelea lanata]
                                    Tweedia
                                            Tweedia andina
                                                   [Tweedia hookeri]
                                            Tweedia birostrata
                                                   [Tweedia brevipes]
                                                   [Tweedia obliquifolia]
                                            Tylophora carnosa
                                            Tylophora floribunda
                                    Vincetoxicum
                                            Vincetoxicum angustifolium
                                                   [Tylophora angustifolia]
                                            Vincetoxicum aristolochioides
                                                   [Tylophora aristolochioides]
                                            Vincetoxicum arnottianum
                                                   [Cynanchum arnottianum]
                                            Vincetoxicum atratum
                                                   [Cynanchum atratum]
                                            Vincetoxicum auritum
                                                   [Pentastelma auritum]
                                            Vincetoxicum barbatum
                                            Vincetoxicum canescens
                                              Vincetoxicum canescens subsp. canescens
                                                     [Cynanchum glaucum]
                                            Vincetoxicum carolinense
                                            Vincetoxicum changqinianum
                                                   [Cynanchum paniculatum]
                                            Vincetoxicum chekiangense
                                                   [Cynanchum chekiangense]
                                            Vincetoxicum clemensiae
                                                   [Tylophora clemensiae]
                                            Vincetoxicum cordatum
                                                   [Tylophora cordata]
                                            Vincetoxicum dalhousiae
                                                   [Cynanchum dalhousiae]
                                            Vincetoxicum formosanum
                                                   [Cynanchum formosanum]
                                            Vincetoxicum forrestii
                                            Vincetoxicum forsteri
                                                   [Tylophora linearis]
                                            Vincetoxicum gonocarpos
                                            Vincetoxicum govanii
                                                   [Tylophora govanii]
                                            Vincetoxicum hirsutum
                                                   [Tylophora hirsuta]
                                                   [Tylophora hispida]
                                            Vincetoxicum hirundinaria
                                              Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. hirundinaria
                                                     [Cynanchum vincetoxicum]
                                                     [Vincetoxicum officinale]
                                              Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. laxum
                                                     [Vincetoxicum laxum]
                                            Vincetoxicum inamoenum
                                                   [Cynanchum inamoenum]
                                            Vincetoxicum indicum
                                                   [Tylophora asthmatica]
                                            Vincetoxicum insulanum
                                                   [Cynanchum insulanum]
                                            Vincetoxicum iphisia
                                                   [Tylophora multiflora]
                                            Vincetoxicum jacquemontianum
                                                   [Cynanchum jacquemontianum]
                                            Vincetoxicum jailicola
                                                   [Vincetoxicum tauricum]
                                            Vincetoxicum japonicum
                                                   [Cynanchum japonicum]
                                            Vincetoxicum kawaroense
                                                   [Tylophora japonica]
                                            Vincetoxicum matsumurae
                                                   [Cynanchum matsumurae]
                                            Vincetoxicum mauritianum
                                                   [Tylophora laevigata]
                                            Vincetoxicum mongolicum
                                                   [Cynanchum mongolicum]
                                            Vincetoxicum nigrum
                                            Vincetoxicum nikoense
                                                   [Tylophora chungii]
                                            Vincetoxicum nipponicum
                                                  Vincetoxicum nipponicum f. abukumense
                                                         [Vincetoxicum glabrum]
                                            Vincetoxicum pannonicum
                                            Vincetoxicum pumilum
                                                   [Cynanchum pumilum]
                                            Vincetoxicum scandens
                                            Vincetoxicum shaanxiense
                                                   [Biondia chinensis]
                                            Vincetoxicum silvestre
                                                   [Tylophora silvestris]
                                            Vincetoxicum spirale
                                                   [Pentatropis spiralis]
                                            Vincetoxicum sublanceolatum
                                                   [Cynanchum sublanceolatum f. albiflorum]
                                                   [Cynanchum sublanceolatum var. obtusulum]
                                                   [Cynanchum sublanceolatum]
                                            Vincetoxicum taihangense
                                                   [Cynanchum taihangense]
                                            Vincetoxicum tanakae
                                                   [Tylophora tanakae]
                                            Vincetoxicum tsaii
                                                   [Belostemma yunnanense]
                                            Vincetoxicum urniflorum
                                                   [Tylophora urceolata]
                                            Vincetoxicum yonakuniense
                                                   [Cynanchum yonakuniense]
                                    Xysmalobium
                                            Xysmalobium involucratum
                                            Xysmalobium samoritourei
                                            Xysmalobium stockenstromense
                                    Caralluma
                                    Dipladenia
                                    Ecdysanthera
                                    Isonema
                                            Isonema bucholzii
                                    Lachnostoma
                                            Lachnostoma arizonicum
                                    Macrosiphonia
                                            Macrosiphonia petrea
                                            Metastelma freemanii
                                                   [Cynanchum freemanii]
                              Periplocoideae
                                    Baroniella
                                            Baroniella acuminata
                                            Baroniella linearis
                                    Camptocarpus
                                            Camptocarpus acuminatus
                                            Camptocarpus cornutus
                                            Camptocarpus decaryi
                                    Cryptolepis
                                            Cryptolepis apiculata
                                            Cryptolepis dubia
                                                   [Cryptolepis buchananii]
                                            Cryptolepis macrophylla
                                            Cryptolepis nigrescens
                                                   [Parquetina nigrescens]
                                            Cryptolepis oblongifolia
                                                   [Cryptolepis longiflora]
                                                   [Ectadiopsis oblongifolia]
                                            Cryptolepis sinensis
                                                   [Cryptolepis elegans]
                                            Cryptolepis socotrana
                                    Cryptostegia
                                            Cryptostegia grandiflora
                                    Decalepis
                                            Decalepis hamiltonii
                                            Decalepis salicifolia
                                                   [Utleria salicifolia]
                                    Epistemma
                                            Epistemma decurrens
                                    Hemidesmus
                                            Hemidesmus indicus
                                    Pentopetia
                                            Pentopetia bidens
                                            Pentopetia boivinii
                                            Pentopetia dasynema
                                            Pentopetia intermedia
                                            Pentopetia longipetala
                                            Pentopetia lutea
                                            Pentopetia mollis
                                            Pentopetia pinnata
                                            Pentopetia reticulata
                                            Pentopetia urceolata
                                    Periploca
                                            Periploca aphylla
                                            Periploca calophylla
                                            Periploca chevalieri
                                            Periploca graeca
                                            Periploca laevigata
                                                   [Periploca angustifolia]
                                            Periploca linearifolia
                                            Periploca sepium
                                    Raphionacme
                                            Raphionacme caerulea
                                            Raphionacme chimanimaniana
                                            Raphionacme hirsuta
                                            Raphionacme keayi
                                            Raphionacme pulchella
                                    Stomatostemma
                                            Stomatostemma pendulina
                                    Tacazzea
                                            Tacazzea apiculata
                                            Tacazzea venosa
                              Rauvolfioideae
                                    Acokanthera
                                            Acokanthera laevigata
                                            Acokanthera oblongifolia
                                                   [Acokanthera spectabilis]
                                            Acokanthera oppositifolia
                                                   [Acokanthera longiflora]
                                                   [Acokanthera venenata]
                                            Acokanthera schimperi
                                                   [Acokanthera friesiorum]
                                    Allamanda
                                            Allamanda cathartica
                                                   [Allamanda cathartica var. grandiflora]
                                                   [Allamanda hendersonii]
                                                   [Allamanda williamsii]
                                            Allamanda laevis
                                            Allamanda schottii
                                                   [Allamanda neriifolia]
                                    Alstonia
                                            Alstonia annamensis
                                            Alstonia beatricis
                                            Alstonia boonei
                                            Alstonia breviloba
                                            Alstonia coriacea
                                            Alstonia costata
                                                   [Alstonia vitiensis]
                                            Alstonia macrophylla
                                            Alstonia mollis
                                                   [Alstonia constricta]
                                            Alstonia penangiana
                                            Alstonia rubiginosa
                                            Alstonia scholaris
                                            Alstonia sebusii
                                                   [Alstonia henryi]
                                            Alstonia sphaerocapitata
                                            Alstonia venenata
                                    Alyxia
                                            Alyxia buxifolia
                                            Alyxia gynopogon
                                                   [Alyxia daphnoides]
                                            Alyxia kaalaensis
                                            Alyxia menglungensis
                                            Alyxia monticola
                                                   [Alyxia sibuyanensis]
                                            Alyxia poyaensis
                                            Alyxia quadrata
                                            Alyxia reinwardtii
                                                   [Alyxia nitens]
                                            Alyxia ruscifolia
                                            Alyxia sinensis
                                                   [Alyxia levinei]
                                            Alyxia spicata
                                            Alyxia stellata
                                            Alyxia veillonii
                                    Ambelania
                                    Amsonia
                                            Amsonia ciliata
                                                   [Amsonia angustifolia]
                                              Amsonia ciliata var. tenuifolia
                                                     [Amsonia ciliata var. filifolia]
                                              Amsonia ciliata var. texana
                                            Amsonia elliptica
                                            Amsonia grandiflora
                                            Amsonia hubrichtii
                                            Amsonia jonesii
                                            Amsonia kearneyana
                                            Amsonia longiflora
                                              Amsonia longiflora var. salpignantha
                                                     [Amsonia salpignantha]
                                            Amsonia ludoviciana
                                            Amsonia orientalis
                                                   [Rhazya orientalis]
                                            Amsonia palmeri
                                                   [Amsonia arizonica]
                                                   [Amsonia hirtella]
                                            Amsonia rigida
                                            Amsonia tabernaemontana
                                                   [Amsonia glaberrima]
                                              Amsonia tabernaemontana var. illustris
                                                     [Amsonia illustris]
                                              Amsonia tabernaemontana var. repens
                                                     [Amsonia repens]
                                              Amsonia tabernaemontana var. salicifolia
                                            Amsonia tharpii
                                            Amsonia tomentosa
                                                   [Amsonia brevifolia]
                                              Amsonia tomentosa var. stenophylla
                                                     [Amsonia arenaria]
                                                     [Amsonia eastwoodiana]
                                    Ancylobothrys
                                            Ancylobothrys capensis
                                                   [Landolphia capensis]
                                    Aspidosperma
                                            Aspidosperma album
                                            Aspidosperma cuspa
                                                   [Aspidosperma ellipticum]
                                            Aspidosperma excelsum
                                                   [Aspidosperma marcgravianum]
                                                   [Aspidosperma nitidum]
                                            Aspidosperma glaucum
                                            Aspidosperma macrocarpon
                                                   [Aspidosperma gardneri]
                                            Aspidosperma megalocarpon
                                              Aspidosperma megalocarpon subsp. curranii
                                                     [Aspidosperma curranii]
                                              Aspidosperma megalocarpon subsp. megalocarpon
                                                     [Aspidosperma stegomeris]
                                            Aspidosperma neblinae
                                            Aspidosperma oblongum
                                            Aspidosperma pichonianum
                                            Aspidosperma polyneuron
                                            Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco
                                            Aspidosperma rigidum
                                            Aspidosperma salgadense
                                            Aspidosperma thomasii
                                            Aspidosperma tomentosum
                                                   [Aspidosperma rojasii]
                                    Callichilia
                                            Callichilia monopodialis
                                    Cameraria
                                            Cameraria microphylla
                                    Carissa
                                            Carissa bispinosa
                                                   [Carissa arduina]
                                            Carissa carandas
                                            Carissa congesta
                                            Carissa haematocarpa
                                            Carissa inermis
                                            Carissa macrocarpa
                                                   [Carissa grandiflora]
                                            Carissa ovata
                                            Carissa paucinervia
                                                   [Carissa opaca]
                                            Carissa spinarum
                                                   [Carissa diffusa]
                                                   [Carissa edulis var. sechellensis]
                                                   [Carissa edulis]
                                            Carissa tetramera
                                    Carvalhoa
                                            Carvalhoa macrophylla
                                    Cascabela
                                            Cascabela gaumeri
                                                   [Thevetia gaumeri]
                                            Cascabela ovata
                                                   [Thevetia ovata]
                                            Cascabela pinifolia
                                            Cascabela thevetia
                                                   [Thevetia neriifolia]
                                                   [Thevetia peruviana]
                                            Cascabela thevetioides
                                                   [Thevetia thevetioides]
                                    Catharanthus
                                            Catharanthus roseus
                                              Catharanthus roseus var. albus
                                    Cerbera
                                            Cerbera floribunda
                                            Cerbera inflata
                                            Cerbera manghas
                                                   [Cerbera tanghin]
                                            Cerbera odollam
                                                   [Cerbera lactaria]
                                    Cerberiopsis
                                            Cerberiopsis neriifolia
                                            Cerberiopsis obtusifolia
                                    Chilocarpus
                                            Chilocarpus denudatus
                                    Condylocarpon
                                            Condylocarpon guyanense
                                            Condylocarpon isthmicum
                                                   [Echites isthmicus]
                                    Couma
                                    Dictyophleba
                                            Dictyophleba leonensis
                                                   [Landolphia leonensis]
                                            Dictyophleba lucida
                                                   [Landolphia lucida]
                                            Dictyophleba setosa
                                    Diplorhynchus
                                            Diplorhynchus condylocarpon
                                    Dyera
                                            Dyera polyphylla
                                    Gonioma
                                            Gonioma kamassi
                                            Gonioma malagasy
                                    Himatanthus
                                            Himatanthus bracteatus
                                                   [Plumeria bracteata]
                                    Hunteria
                                            Hunteria densiflora
                                            Hunteria ghanensis
                                            Hunteria hexaloba
                                            Hunteria myriantha
                                            Hunteria umbellata
                                                   [Hunteria eburnea]
                                            Hunteria zeylanica
                                                   [Hunteria zeylanica var. africana]
                                    Kopsia
                                            Kopsia arborea
                                                   [Kopsia pruniformis]
                                            Kopsia flavida
                                            Kopsia fruticosa
                                            Kopsia longiflora
                                            Kopsia pauciflora
                                                   [Kopsia lancifolia]
                                            Kopsia singapurensis
                                            Kopsia sleeseniana
                                            Kopsia sumatrana
                                            Kopsia tenuis
                                            Kopsia teoi
                                    Lacmellea
                                            Lacmellea abbreviata
                                            Lacmellea arborescens
                                                   [Zschokkea peruviana]
                                            Lacmellea bahiensis
                                            Lacmellea guyanensis
                                            Lacmellea oblongata
                                                   [Lacmellea grandiflora]
                                            Lacmellea pauciflora
                                            Lacmellea utilis
                                    Landolphia
                                            Landolphia buchananii
                                                   [Landolphia ugandensis]
                                            Landolphia flavidiflora
                                            Landolphia jumellei
                                            Landolphia kirkii
                                            Landolphia lecomtei
                                            Landolphia macrantha
                                            Landolphia maxima
                                            Landolphia uniflora
                                            Landolphia watsoniana
                                    Lepinia
                                            Lepinia marquisensis
                                            Lepinia taitensis
                                    Macoubea
                                            Macoubea mesoamericana
                                    Melodinus
                                            Melodinus axillaris
                                            Melodinus fusiformis
                                            Melodinus monogynus
                                            Melodinus orientalis
                                                   [Melodinus citriformis]
                                            Melodinus reticulatus
                                            Melodinus suaveolens
                                            Melodinus yunnanensis
                                    Microplumeria
                                            Microplumeria anomala
                                                   [Aspidosperma anomalum]
                                    Ochrosia
                                            Ochrosia acuminata
                                            Ochrosia apoensis
                                            Ochrosia borbonica
                                            Ochrosia brevituba
                                                   [Neisosperma brevituba]
                                            Ochrosia brownii
                                            Ochrosia coccinea
                                            Ochrosia elliptica
                                            Ochrosia fatuhivensis
                                            Ochrosia grandiflora
                                            Ochrosia haleakalae
                                            Ochrosia inventorum
                                            Ochrosia kauaiensis
                                            Ochrosia kilaueaensis
                                            Ochrosia mariannensis
                                            Ochrosia moorei
                                            Ochrosia nakaiana
                                            Ochrosia oppositifolia
                                            Ochrosia sciadophylla
                                            Ochrosia sevenetii
                                                   [Neisosperma sevenetii]
                                            Ochrosia tahitensis
                                            Ochrosia thiollierei
                                                   [Neisosperma thiollierei]
                                            Ochrosia vitiensis
                                    Petchia
                                            Petchia africana
                                            Petchia ceylanica
                                                   [Alyxia zeylanica]
                                            Petchia cryptophlebia
                                                   [Cabucala cryptophlebia]
                                            Petchia madagascariensis
                                                   [Cabucala multiflora]
                                                   [Cabucala polysperma]
                                            Petchia plectaneiifolia
                                    Picralima
                                            Picralima nitida
                                    Plectaneia
                                            Plectaneia thouarsii
                                                   [Plectaneia firingalavensis]
                                    Pleiocarpa
                                            Pleiocarpa bicarpellata
                                            Pleiocarpa mutica
                                    Plumeria
                                            Plumeria alba
                                            Plumeria obtusa
                                            Plumeria rubra
                                                   [Plumeria acuminata]
                                                   [Plumeria acutifolia]
                                              Plumeria rubra var. acutifolia
                                            Plumeria sericifolia
                                    Pteralyxia
                                            Pteralyxia kauaiensis
                                            Pteralyxia macrocarpa
                                    Rauvolfia
                                            Rauvolfia afra
                                                   [Rauvolfia caffra]
                                            Rauvolfia amsoniifolia
                                            Rauvolfia cambodiana
                                            Rauvolfia capixabae
                                            Rauvolfia capuronii
                                            Rauvolfia cubana
                                            Rauvolfia densiflora
                                            Rauvolfia ligustrina
                                                   [Rauvolfia indecora]
                                                   [Rauvolfia mollis]
                                                   [Rauvolfia ternifolia]
                                            Rauvolfia littoralis
                                            Rauvolfia macrantha
                                            Rauvolfia mannii
                                                   [Rauvolfia rosea]
                                            Rauvolfia mattfeldiana
                                            Rauvolfia mombasiana
                                            Rauvolfia nitida
                                            Rauvolfia nukuhivensis
                                            Rauvolfia pachyphylla
                                            Rauvolfia rostrata
                                            Rauvolfia sachetiae
                                            Rauvolfia sanctorum
                                            Rauvolfia sandwicensis
                                                   [Rauvolfia degeneri]
                                            Rauvolfia schuelii
                                            Rauvolfia sellowii
                                            Rauvolfia semperflorens
                                            Rauvolfia serpentina
                                                   [Rauvolfia serpentina var. foggiana]
                                            Rauvolfia sevenetii
                                            Rauvolfia sprucei
                                            Rauvolfia sumatrana
                                                   [Rauvolfia samarensis]
                                            Rauvolfia tetraphylla
                                                   [Rauvolfia canescens]
                                                   [Rauvolfia heterophylla]
                                                   [Rauvolfia hirsuta var. glabra]
                                                   [Rauvolfia hirsuta]
                                            Rauvolfia verticillata
                                                   [Rauvolfia chinensis]
                                                   [Rauvolfia ophiorrhizoides]
                                                   [Rauvolfia perakensis]
                                            Rauvolfia viridis
                                                   [Rauvolfia lamarckii]
                                            Rauvolfia volkensii
                                            Rauvolfia vomitoria
                                            Rauvolfia weddeliana
                                                   [Rauvolfia elliptica]
                                    Rhazya
                                            Rhazya stricta
                                    Rhigospira
                                            Rhigospira quadrangularis
                                                   [Ambelania quadrangularis]
                                    Saba
                                            Saba comorensis
                                                   [Saba florida]
                                    Schizozygia
                                            Schizozygia coffaeoides
                                    Skytanthus
                                            Skytanthus acutus
                                    Spongiosperma
                                            Spongiosperma longilobum
                                            Spongiosperma oleifolium
                                    Strempeliopsis
                                            Strempeliopsis arborea
                                    Tabernaemontana
                                            Tabernaemontana africana
                                                   [Tabernaemontana chippii]
                                            Tabernaemontana alba
                                                   [Tabernaemontana amblyocarpa]
                                                   [Tabernaemontana chrysocarpa]
                                            Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia
                                            Tabernaemontana antheonycta
                                            Tabernaemontana apoda
                                            Tabernaemontana arborea
                                            Tabernaemontana bufalina
                                            Tabernaemontana capuronii
                                            Tabernaemontana catharinensis
                                                   [Tabernaemontana australis]
                                            Tabernaemontana citrifolia
                                            Tabernaemontana cordata
                                            Tabernaemontana coriacea
                                            Tabernaemontana corymbosa
                                            Tabernaemontana crassa
                                            Tabernaemontana cumata
                                            Tabernaemontana cymosa
                                                   [Tabernaemontana arcuata]
                                            Tabernaemontana debrayi
                                            Tabernaemontana dichotoma
                                            Tabernaemontana divaricata
                                            Tabernaemontana donnell-smithii
                                                   [Stemmadenia donnell-smithii]
                                            Tabernaemontana eglandulosa
                                            Tabernaemontana elegans
                                            Tabernaemontana eusepaloides
                                            Tabernaemontana fuchsiaefolia
                                            Tabernaemontana glabra
                                                   [Stemmadenia mollis]
                                                   [Stemmadenia obovata var. mollis]
                                                   [Stemmadenia obovata]
                                            Tabernaemontana grandiflora
                                                   [Stemmadenia grandiflora]
                                            Tabernaemontana hallei
                                            Tabernaemontana hannae
                                            Tabernaemontana heterophylla
                                            Tabernaemontana litoralis
                                                   [Stemmadenia bella]
                                                   [Stemmadenia galeottiana]
                                                   [Stemmadenia macrophylla]
                                            Tabernaemontana longipes
                                            Tabernaemontana macrocalyx
                                            Tabernaemontana muricata
                                            Tabernaemontana ochroleuca
                                            Tabernaemontana oppositifolia
                                            Tabernaemontana orientalis
                                            Tabernaemontana ovalifolia
                                            Tabernaemontana pachysiphon
                                            Tabernaemontana pallida
                                            Tabernaemontana panamensis
                                            Tabernaemontana pandacaqui
                                            Tabernaemontana pauciflora
                                            Tabernaemontana peduncularis
                                            Tabernaemontana persicariifolia
                                            Tabernaemontana remota
                                            Tabernaemontana rotensis
                                            Tabernaemontana sambiranensis
                                            Tabernaemontana sananho
                                            Tabernaemontana siphilitica
                                                   [Tabernaemontana hirtula]
                                                   [Tabernaemontana tetrastachya]
                                            Tabernaemontana stapfiana
                                            Tabernaemontana stellata
                                            Tabernaemontana tenuiflora
                                            Tabernaemontana tomentosa
                                                   [Stemmadenia palmeri]
                                                   [Stemmadenia tomentosa var. palmeri]
                                                   [Stemmadenia tomentosa]
                                            Tabernaemontana undulata
                                            Tabernaemontana vanheurckii
                                    Thevetia
                                            Thevetia ahouai
                                                   [Plumeriopsis ahouai]
                                                   [Thevetia nitida]
                                    Tonduzia
                                            Tonduzia longifolia
                                    Vallesia
                                            Vallesia antillana
                                            Vallesia conzattii
                                            Vallesia glabra
                                            Vallesia laciniata
                                                   [Vallesia baileyana]
                                                   [Vallesia sinaloensis]
                                            Vallesia spectabilis
                                    Vinca
                                            Vinca difformis
                                              Vinca difformis subsp. difformis
                                                     [Vinca media]
                                            Vinca herbacea
                                            Vinca major
                                              Vinca major subsp. hirsuta
                                                     [Vinca pubescens]
                                            Vinca minor
                                    Voacanga
                                            Voacanga globosa
                                            Voacanga megacarpa
                                            Voacanga thouarsii
                                    Willughbeia
                                            Willughbeia cirrhifera
                                                   [Willughbeia ceylanica]
                                    Sarcostemma
                                    Schistogyne
                              Secamonoideae
                                    Calyptranthera
                                            Calyptranthera caudiclava
                                    Goniostemma
                                            Goniostemma punctatum
                                    Secamone
                                            Secamone afzelii
                                            Secamone cuneifolia
                                            Secamone elliptica
                                              Secamone elliptica subsp. elliptica
                                                     [Secamone micrantha]
                                            Secamone falcata
                                            Secamone filiformis
                                                   [Secamone frutescens]
                                            Secamone grandiflora
                                            Secamone humbertii
                                            Secamone letouzeana
                                            Secamone nervosa
                                            Secamone racemosa
                                            Secamone schimperiana
                                            Secamone tenuifolia
                                    Secamonopsis
                                            Secamonopsis madagascariensis
                                    Toxocarpus
                                            Toxocarpus merrillii
                                            Toxocarpus wightianus
                                                   [Secamone wightiana]
                                    Stapelia
                                            Stapelia hanburyana
                                    Stenomeria
                                    Tylophora
                                    Urechites
                                            Urechites neriandra